Internal-combustion engine.



W. J. ROBB & W. H. WELCH.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.30, 1910. 1,033,939.

.u @UQ www i 2 la W. J. ROBB L W. H. WELCH.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED APR. 30.1910.

1,033,939. Patented July 30,1912.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. J. ROBBK. W. H. WELCH. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION IILBID APR. 30, 1910.

Patented July 30, 1912.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W. J. ROBE/6i W. H. WELCH.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.30, 1910.

Patented July 30, 1912.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

w. J. ROBB & W. H. WELCH. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION IILEDl APR.30, 1910.

Patented July 30, 1912.

7 SHEETS-'SHEET 5.

d i vf W. J. ROBB & W. H. WELCH.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.30, 1910.

Patented July 30, 1912.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

W. J. ROBB & W. H. WELCH. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.30,1910. 1,033,939.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

Patented July 30, 1912.

miran srarns rarsnfr barrier.

WILLIAM JOHN ROBB AND WALTER HENRY WELCH, OF BRISTOL, IEl\TG'L,Al\T.`D,l

ASSIGNORS T0 BANNER MOTORS LIMITED, OF BRISTOL, ENGLAND.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 34D, i912.

Application led April 30, 1910. Serial No. 558,661.

Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is for improvements in or relating to internal combustionengines and has for its object to provide a compact balanced engineofthe beamtype in which the various parts shall be readily accessible,the whole being moreover so constructed as to he light withoutsacrificing strength. or ri-k gidity. l Y

The invention consists in the general construction of the engine anditsy operativeparts and will be readily understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a central vertical sectionthrough t-he two front cylinders of an en- -gine constructed accordingto thisV invention, part of the yvalve mechanism being, however, omittedfor the sake of clearness; Fig. 2 is a transverse section through theengine on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a transverse section throughthe'r engine on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a transverse sectionthrough the engine on the line .4l-4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a sectionthrough the rocking-beam on the line 5-5 of Fig. l; Fig. 6 is a plan ofthe cylinders and waterjacket constructed. according to a modifiedmethod of carrying out this invention; Fig. 7 is a section through the'parts shown in Fig. 6 on the line 7-l7 Fig. 8 is a plan of thecompletevalve mechanism omitted from Fig. l; Fig. 9 is a section of the valvemechanismen the line 9-.-9 of Fig 8; Fig. 10 is a section on the line10-10 of Fig. 8; Fig. 11 is a section "through the valve mechanisln, onthe line 11"-11`of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a section through the valvemechanism on the line-12412 ofy Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 showsdiagrammaticallya modified arrangement of the valve mechanism.

Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

The engine is provided with four cylinders A A A2 A3 surrounded by 'asquare water jacket A". The water jacket and cylinders may be cast inone piece or built together as found convenient but thel top isconstructed to receive a hollow combustion plate.B*.

This plate is also. square and has formed in it' the. combustionchambers B B B2 B3 which register with the bores of the cylinders A A A2A3. and the plate is detachably secured by any convenient means to thecylinder section of the engine.

Abovethecombustion plate is a secondl hollow plateC* wherein valves C CC2 C3 i vare mounted. This plate is also., detachably secured in placeand one valve is appro,- priated to each of the combustion chambersformed' in the plate B*. In the center of the -valve plate is a circularchamber B4 to receive a'distributing valve whereby the inlet and theexhaust may be alternately connected to the different Valves; aparticular type of valve for this purpose is hereinafter described.

By making the valve plate detachable from the combustion chamber plateand this again detachable from the cylinder sect-ion of the engine allthese parts can be readily got at and they moreover lend themselves tothe adoption of a 'very convenient form of water circulation. To obtainthe water circulation the inlet .D for the water is provided at one sideof the cylinder waterjacket as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and baliies D" l)2D3 are formed or provided" between the cylinders so that the water isforced to combustion-chamber plate is divided up in a similar manner tothe cylinder water-jacket by batiies E E2 E3 so that the water'has tocirculate from the center around the cylin-l ders to ,the opposite sideof the baille E2 Where an outlet orifice E? is provided in the" upperwall of the hollow plate. Registering with this outlet is lan inlet.orifice F in .the lower wall of the valve plate C* (Fig. 4). This plate,is divided up by the central chamber B4 land radial webs that extendthence to the valve pockets and in which the conduits for communicatingbetween the space B4 'and the valve pockets are formed. The outlet F isplaced on the .opposite side loo ' The beam J is connected tothe pistonsof' of the valve plate from the inlet F. so that the water has to travelaround all the valve pockets in the direction indicated by the arrowsbefore it can escape from the valve plate. lEach valve is convenientlycarried in a detachable cage or valve box C. y

The cylinder section of the engine has secured to it a crank .case Gthat is divided at G along a plane parallel to but not passiilg throughthe 'crank shaft H.v The cra shaft is mounted in the lower half lof thecrank-case and in the upper half Vbearinofs are provided for abeam-supporting haft The bearings for the crank shaft' H are mountedinrecesses'inthe crank-case; this permits the whole. shaft to be liftedout when the two parts of the-casehave been separated. On the shaft Jtwo beams J J? are carriedfthe shaft being stationary and the beamsbeing arranged to rock thereon.

the cylinders AjA2 and the' beam' J 2 is connected to the pistons ofthecylinders A A3. The connectingfrod from' each. beam to the crank shaftispivoted to its beam by a-pin J 3 .situated approximately ymidway betweenthe shaft J and the point of connection between the end of the beam' andthe piston rod. This arrangement 'gives ax compact vform of engine witha comparatively small crank throw. It willvbe seen that thecrankshaftlies in a plane that passes approximately midway between the end ofthebeam yand `the beam-shaft. The crank-case may be Rsecured to thecylinder section of the engine by any lconvenient. means andthe two/portions of the crank-case may be connected togather as foundconvenient, these f details orming no art of the present invention.

, O n each slde of the crankfcase is a door Gr2 which gives access tothe crank-shaft with the'beams and other parts in the crank-case If itisdesired tovseparate the upper and lower parts of the crank-case thecrankshaft connecting rods can be disconnectedfrom the beams bywithdrawing the pins; J 3 thus allowing the two parts of the crankcaseto be separated after they have been disconnected. p

In Fig. 5 a convenient meansu's shown for securing the pins in lacethat/hold the con.

necting rods to' the` earn. At each end of.

the beam is a pin K to receive the connecting rods for the pistons andeach pin has atl one end a iangev K. .This {ia-nge prevents the pin frombeing pushed through the. beam and to plate L 1s secured'to the beam :bya screwthreaded stud L and nut-L1.` The plate L is beveled and that sideofthe pin which is to-v ward the plate 1s also beveled., `Where there Iy is only one pin asat the lower end of Fig. 5v

a beveled edge of the plate rests-on the bevel of the pin and the otheredge of the plate rests upon a beveled stop L?, but where two revent itswithdrawal alocking pinsy are provided'side by sidev as with the pin Kat the top of Fig. 5\ and the pin M which receives the connecting rodfor the -crank-shaft the beveled edge ofthe plate L rests upon thebeveled portions of the two pins, so that one plate servesftohold bothpins in position. It will be seen that with this arrangement the pinscanneither rotate nor be accidentally withdrawn..

For lubricating purposes theshaft J is made hollow and has in its wallan orifice J 4 which provides communication between the hollow interiorof the shaft and an vannular N whereon th'e beam roc-ks. The beam istending' from the annular recess N toLx the pins M and K. Each ,pin isalso bored as shown at O2 to form away'th'at 'extends froml the conduitsO. O to the bearing surfaces O3 of the connecting rods. It will be tothe interior of the hollow shaft J .can

pins and the members which them. The rods which connect-the 'beams asshown at O5, Fig. 1, and thus the oil finds its way from the pin -M`through `the connecting rod to the crank.

water-jacket. Each cylinder P has shoulspectively.

clearly shown inthe drawings. At. second Side plates R. are `bolted tothese distancev sleeves or pillars and .thus awater-jacket is, built uparound the cylinders. Tie lbolts R? A'ny convenientvalve mechanism maybe C, but theyI are preferably employed in c ondisposed at the corners,of a square. For 'operating thema divided cam-sp' dle B100 spindle areaxially alin'ed and lie between the valves C C2 and C? C in such mannerthat dle portion,I that is the valves C2 C3 lie on opposite sides ofthev spindle portion B160 to the crank-shaft are also bored through.

B19-1 is employed. The two parts o thecamtwo valves lie on oppositesides of each spins.

yrecess N that is formed between two bushes :I

bored through'lengthwise in opposite directions as shown yat Oy and O.these ways eX- Q seen' that this arrangement affords anethcient means oflubrication as oil admitted 90' pass freely through Ivthe beam to al1ofthe moveupon In Figs. 6 and 7, a convenient method is shown forbuilding up ythe cylindersand'j ders P P2 at its upper and lower endsre-vv vg' On the shoulders P a square.' plate Q is made to rest and theedges ,of the plate extend lbeyond the shouldersPf as,

plate Q `rests -on the shoulders P2 and the cylinders and at the cornersof the plates distance sleeves or pillars R are placed.

maybepassed through the sleevesR 'and employed for operatingthe valvesC' C" C? 'i junction with a central rotary valve hereinafter describedwith-reference to Figs. 8-12.` The `valves C Cf 02.03 'are allotted, asalready described, one to each cylinder `and valve .H11

and the valves C C lie on opposite sides of the spindle portion B101. fOn the outer end ofthe cam-spindle portion B100 is a bevelj of thecalm-spindle portions are not closetogether but are operativelyconnected by bevel wheels`B103 B101 B100. A wheel B103 is carried on theinner end of the spindle portion B100 and is enga-ged therewith by afeather B100. The wheel B101 is carried on a spindle D100 that liesbetween the ends of the spindle portions B100 B101 and whose axis is atright angles to that of the camspindle. The wheel B105 is carried on theinner end of the spindle portion B101 and is engaged therewith by afeather B 101. Surrounding the wheels B101 B104 B105 1s a housing orcasing E100 which is secured over a central valve-chamber F100. Thecasing E100 provides a bearing for the inner end of the cam-spindleportion B100 and the outer end is supported by a bracket G100. In asimilar manner the inner end of the spindle portionfB101 is supported bythe kcasing E100 and the outer end byv a bracket G101.

In the valve 'chamber F100 below the housing E100 is a rotary valve thatcomprises' a diaphragm H* which .divides the valve chamber into twoparts; these may for convenience be called the upper and lower portionsof the chamber. The diaphragm has on one side an upwardly directedflange or lip L and on the other a lug or pocket H whereof one face H2bears against the wall of the valve chamber. In the wall'of the valvechamber are four ports-C5 C0 CT C0, which communicate with' the spacesabove the valves C C C2 C3 respectively. In the face H2 of the lug Hofthe rotary valve 1s a port H3 that registers with the ports C5 C0 'C1and C13 in turn as the valve'H* rotates.

The port H3 in the lug H `of the Valve has free communication with theupper portion of the valve chamber F100 and communicating with thisupper portion at H'1 is an inlet conduit H5; an exhaust conduit H0communicates with the lower portion of Ithe valve chamber F100 at H1.

Secured to the valve H* is a shield its. This lies on that side of thevalve against which the gases of combustion impinge and' between' it andthe valve face is a heat insulating layer H0 that may take the forni ofan asbestos packing piece. Depending from the shield 71.0 is a baille H0which lies between the exhaust port of one cylinder and that port whosecylinder has previously coinmenced to exhaust. In Fig. 11 the baille isshown as between the ports C5 and C0.

The spindle D100 of the reversing wheel B104 is utilized to carry anddrive the rotary The spindle is mounted ,in ball bearings D101 D102.that may be supported by any convenient-means in the 'casing E100. Thiscasing E100 is conveniently divided, as shown at E101, Fig. 8, and thetwo parts may be connected by any convenient means such details formingno part of the present invention.

Extending upwardly from the lower portion of the casing E100 and from apoint outside /the ball bearing D102 is av conical shell E102. Thisreaches approximately 4to the wheel B101 'and' enables lubricant to beintroduced into the casing E100 without its escaping through the bearingD102.

The cam-spindle portion B100 carries a cam J100 which.' operates rockingarms 1 100 K101 that are supported by .a bracket K102 and control thevalves C2 C3 respectively. The .spindle portion B101 carries a cam 1101which operates rocking arms K103 K104 which are carried by a bracketK105 and control the valve C and C respectively.

The operation of this mechanism .is as follows :-If the shaft C10 isrotated in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 9, the cam-spindleportion B100 will be rotated in such direction that the cam J100 willrst operate the valve C2 and then the valve C1, but the cam-spindleportion B101 will be rotated in the reverse direction so that its camwill-first operate the valve C and then the valve C. This arrangementallows the valves C C C2 C3 to be operated in turn so that theirrespective cylinders are tired in this order and enables a symmetricalform of gear to be employed, all the rocking arms K100 K101 K100 andK101 being similar i'ny lside of the cam-spindle. The rotation of thecam-spindle effects the rotation of the valve H* by means of the spindleD100 and wheel B101 so that the port of each valve is alternately put incommunication with the exhaust and inletconduits. In Fig. 11 the port H3of the valve H* is shown as regis-` tered with the port'C7 of the valveC2 so that,'when the valve C2 is open, explosive mixture from the upperpart of the chamber F100 of the valve is freely admitted to the cylindercontrolled by the valve C2. The valve C2 has already been opened by thecam .1100 for exhausting the previous charge and is maintained in theopen position by the cam while the valve lH* cuts off the exhaust andthrows open the inlet, the valve remaining open until the inlet periodis completed; the position of the valve H11 at the commencement of theinlet period is shown in dotted lines in Fig, 11. As the valve H11continues its rotation, the lug H with its port H3 passes from the portC1 so"that this now communicates Iwith the lower portion of the chamberF100 of the valve. the valve C2 is again opened for exhausting, theexhaust gases escaping from the port C1 It follows therefore that assoon as ,port C0 is covered by the lug H of the valve H* the valve Cwhose port is shown at C5 in Fig. 11, will be opened to commence exhaustand thegas'es as they escape under some pressure from the port C5 arelikely to find their 'way through the port C0 into the cylindercontrolled by the valve C3' as the pressure in this cylinder is 4muchlower andthe valve C3 is being held open for the inlet Iperiod. Thebatlie H0, however, is always in the position to check any such actionand it also serves to receive the impinging gases so that these do notstrike direct vupon the lug H of the valve. The heat insulating layer H0is between the shield hs and the valve so that the latter may not becomeunduly heated but .it will be appreciated that by screening the valve toa' greater or less degree the latter may be made to keep at such atemperature that it will serve as a vaporizer for heavy orconiparatively heavy oils, or by sufficient screening it can be keptvcool for light oils.

With the valve construction described above no difficulty is found inkeeping the parts sufliciently gas tight and the lug H being. on oneside of the valve tends to keep its working face up to the wall of thecontaining chamber by centrifugal action as the valve rotates andthesuction ofv the-cylinders will yalso operate to the same end'. Moreoverthe valve, as will be observed, is not exposed to explosion pressure.

To obtain access to the rotary valve H* it is only necessary to slidethe cam spindle portion B100 a-nd B101 to Athe right andy leftrespectively of Figs. 8 anfl 9, so that their inner ends may bedisengaged from the wheels B103 B100. The whole housing E100 with thewheels contained therein and the valve H* can then be removed. To allowfree movevment of the cam spindle B100 it may be made to slide throughthe wheel B102, or the shaft C10 may be so'arranged thatit can be low--ered clear of the wheel l 102.

Any convenient means may be provided to keepthe parts in place when itis'not desired to separate them. d

Obviously each vcylinder may have two separate valves, one l for inletand the other for exhaust, in which case the divided camshaftwill'control eight valves instead of four, andl these may be arranged asshown diagrammatically in Fig. 13. Each camshaft portion is thenprovided with two cams .T101 J103 and .T104 .T10-5, the cam .T101operating vtwo exhaust valves L10 L11 of one pair of cylinders -M* M andthe cam T100 the two inlet valves L12 L10 of the same pair.

The cam [104 would operate the inlet valves L14 L15 of the second. pairof cylinder M2 M3 and the camlJ100` ,the two exhaust v lves L10 L17ofthis second pair. In this case it will be understood that the rotaryvalve is dispensed with. v` I i What we claim as our invention anddesire .to secure by Letters Patent is l. In an internal combustionengine t-he combination of four working cylinders arranged with theiraxes parallel and spaced approximately at the fo-urcorners ofI a square,pistons in the cylinders, pitmen extended therefrom, a transverse shaftat the pitlnan end of the cylinders in a plane that lies approximatelymidway between two of the cylinders, ftwo rocking-beams on this shaft,means for operativelyv connecting the beams and the pitmen, a two-throwcrankshaft that lies in a plane that passes ap- Jfor the crank-shaftpivoted at its-other end to `one of the beams at a point between'thecenter of oscillation of the beam and the point at which one of thepitmen is pivoted thereto, a second connecting rod for ythe crank-shaftpivoted at its other-end to the second beam at a point between itscenter of oscillation-and the point at which one of the pitmen ispivoted to it, a detachable crank-y case, means for lubricatingthebeams, and a valve mechanism controlling the charging anddischargingvof the cylinders, substantially as set forth.

2. In an internal combustion engine the combination of four workingcylinders arranged side by. side and spaced approximately at the fourcorners of a square, pistons in the cylinders, pitmen extendingtherefrom, a transverse shaft at the pitman end of the cylinders in aplane that lies approximately midway between.- two of the cylinders, twoindependent rocking-beams on this shaft, means for operatively-connecting opposite ends of one beam with the pitmen of two cylindersdisposed side by side on the opposite sides of the shaft, and means yforoperatively connecting opposite ends'of the other beam to the pitmen ofthe other two cylinders, a two-throw crankshaft that lies in a planethat passes approximately midway between the en d of the beam and thebeam-shaft, a connecting rod for the crank-shaft pivoted at its otherend to one of the beams at a point between the center of oscillation ofthe beam and the point at which one of the pitmen ispivoted thereto, asecond connecting rod for the crank-.shaft pivoted at its other end tothe `connecting opposite ends of one beam with the pitmen of twocylinders disposed side by side on the opposite sides ofthe shaft, meansfor operatively connecting opposite ends of the other beam to the pitmenof the other two cylinders, a crank-shaft having two cranks, aAconnecting-rod that engages one of the cranks at one end and at theother end is pivoted to one of the beams at a point between its centerof oscillation and its worklng end, and a second connecting-rod thatengages at one end the second crank and at the other end isroperativelyconnected to the second beam atfa point between its ycenter ofoscillation and its working end,

v substantially as set forth.

4. In an internal combustion engine the combination of, four workingcylinders arranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximately atthe four corners o-f a square, pistons in the cylinders,pitmen-extending therefrom, a hollow transverse shaft at the pitman endof the cylinders in a plane that lies approximately midway between twoof the cylinders the shaft having two orifices disposed at differentoints along its length, two rocking-beams n the shaft each beam beingplaced over one of the ,orifices therein and having formed irrit/alubricating conduit that communicates with one of the orifices in the,lshaft, and pins operatively connecting the ends of the beams with thepitmen of the cylinder pistons, the lubricating conduits being extendedto the working surfaces of such pins, substantially as set forth. y

' 5. In an-internal combustion engine the combination of, f our workingcylinders l'arranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximatelyat the four corners of a square, pistonsin the cylinders, pitmentherefor, a hollow transverse shaft` at the pitman end of the cylindersin a plane that lies approximately midway between two of the cylindersthe shaft having two orifices disposed at different points along itslength,

two. rocking-beams on the shaft each beam being placed over one of theorifices therein and having formed in it a lubricating conduit thatcommunicates withl one of the orices in the shaft, and pins operativelyconnecting the ends of the beams with the pit# .pin from .one end to a.central position whereby the lubricant can flow to the bearl ing surfaceof the pitman held by the pin,

substantially as set forth.

6. In an internal combustion engine the combination of, four workingcylinders arranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximately atthe four corners of a square, pistons in the cylinders, pitmen extendingtherefrom, a hollow transverse shaft at the pitman end of the cylinders.in a plane that lies approximately midway between two of the cylindersthe shaft having two orifices disposed at different points along itslength, two rocking-beams on the shaft each beam being placed over oneof the orifices therein and having formed in it a lubricating conduitthat communicates with one'of the orifices in the shaft, pinsoperatively connecting the ends of the beams with the pitmen of thecylinder pistons, the lubricating conduits being extended to the workingsurfaces of such pins,;a crank-shaft having two cranks, a connecting-rodthat engages one of the cranks. at one end and at the other end ispivoted to one of the beams, such connecting-rod -having a lubricatingconduit formed in it and extending from the pivot at one end to thecrank at the other and communicating at the pivot end with thelubricating conduit in the beam, and a second connecting rod ,thatengages at one end the second crank and at the other end is operativelyconnected Vto the second beam, substantially as set forth.

7. In an internal combustion engine the combination" of, four workingcylinders arranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximately atthe four corners of a square, pistons in the cylinders, pitmen extendingtherefrom, a transverse shaft at the pitman end of the cylinders in aplane that lies approximately midway between two of the cylinders, tworocking-beams on this shaft, pins for operatively connecting the ends ofthe beams with the pitmen of the cylinder pistons one of such pinshaving near one end a ange (K) and a flat beveled face on that portionthat extends beyond'the flange, a clamping plate fox-'the beveled pinbeveled at one edge to correspond to the bevel on the pin, and means fordetachably securing the plate to the beam with the beveled edgeoverhanging the flange (K) and engaging the beveled portion of the pin,substantially as set forth.

8. In an internal combustion engine the combination of, fourworkingcylinders arranged with their axes arallel and spaced approximately atthe Ifour corners of a square, pistons in the cylinders, pitmenextending therefrom a crank-case, a transverse shaft carried by thecrank-case and disposed in a' plane that lies approximately midwaybetween-two of the cylinders, two rocking-beams on this shaft,detachable means operatively connecting the four pitmen with'the fourlends -of the beams, a crank-shaft carried by the crank-case and havingtwo cranks, and connecting-rods op-y eratively connecting the beams andcranks the crank-case being divided along a plane that is parallel withthe transverse shaft and that passes between such shaft and thecrank-shaft, so that the cylinder portion of the crank-case carries thetransverse shaft and the other portion the crank-shaft, substantially asset forth.

9. In an internal combustion engine thecoinbination of, four workingcylinders arranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximately atthe g fourcorners of asquare, pistons in the cylinders, pitmen extendingtherefrom at one end of the cylinders, a transverse shaft at o-ne end ofthe cylinders ina plane that lies approximately midway between two ofthe cylinders, two rocking-beams on' this shaft, means for operativelyconnecting the beams and the pitmen, a detachable plate covering thatend ofthe cylinders which is remote from the pitman end and havingformed in it the' four combustion chambers for the four cylinders, and asecond detachable plate for se-v curing over the first plate the saidsecond plate being arranged to receive valves for coperation with thecombustion chambers in thefirst plate, substantially as set forth.

10. In an internal combustion engine the combination of, four workingcylinders arranged with their axes parallel and. spaced approximately atthe .four corners of a square, pistons in the cylinders, pitmenextending therefrom, a transverse shaft at the pitman end of thecylinders in a plane that -lies approximately midway between two of thecylinders, two rocking-beams on this shaft, means for operativelyconnecting the beams and the pitmen, a square water-jacket surroundingthe four cylinders, and baffles between'the cylinders so arranged thatthey form three sides of a square and prevent water from passing betweenthe cylinders* except on the fourth side, inlet and outlet orifices forwater being situated one within the area inclosed by the baffles and theother beams and the pitmen, a square waterjacket surrounding the fourcylinders, baffles between the cylinders so arranged that they formthree sides of a square and prevent water from passing between thecylinders except on the fourth side, inlet and outlet oriices for waterbeing situated one within the area inclosed by the bafiies and theotheron that side of the baiiies farthest from the open side, a detachableplate covering that end of the cylinders which is remote from the pitmanend and having formed in it four chambers registeringwith the cylindersand water-ways cored around the exterior of these chambers as a wholeand then between two of the chambers to a central orifice, acorresponding orifice being situated in the water-way at the pointfarthest from the first mentioned orifice and one of these orificesbeing made to register with one of the inlet and outlet orifices in thecylinder-portion when the two parts are butted together, substantiallyas set forth.

12. In an internal combustion engine the combinationA of, four workingcylinders arranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximately atthe four corners of a square, pistons in the cylinders, pitmenextendingtherefrom, a transverse shaft at the pitman end of thecylinders. in a plane that lies approximately midway between two of `thecylinders, t'wo independent rockingbeams on this shaft, means foroperatively connecting the beams and pitmen, a rotary valve situated atone end of the cylinders and having its axis'parallel to and posi'-tioned centrally relatively to the axes of the four cylinders, suchvalve controlling ways that communicate with all of the cylinders,andmeans for operating .the valve, substantially as set forth.

1 3. In an internal combustion engine the combination of, four workingcylinders arranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximately at'the four corners of a square, pistons in the cylinders, pitmen-extendingtherefrom, a transverse shaft at the pitman end of the cylinders in aplane that lies approximately midway between two of the cylinders, tworocking-beams on this shaft, means for operatively connecting the beamsand pitmen, a rotary valve situated at one end of the cylinders andhaving its axis parallel and positioned centrally relatively to the axesof the four cylinders, such valve controlling the inlet of fuel to allof the cylinders,'rneans for operating the valve, separate auxiliaryvalves one for each cylinder, and means for mechanically controllingtheseseparate valves, substantially as set forth.

14. In an internal combustion engine the combination of, four workingcylinders arranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximately atthe four corners of a lio square, a cylindrical `chamber beingpr'otrally relatively to the axes of the four cylinders and having nearone end an inlet port' and near the other an exhaust port and in itsside wall four ports which communicate one with each cylinder, fourvalves one for each cylinder controlling `the communication between theports in the cylindrical chamber and such cylinders, means for operatingthese valves, pistonsl in the cylinders, pit-r inen extending therefrom,a transverse shaft at the pitman end of the .cylinders in a plane thatlies approximately midway between two of the cylinders, tworocking-beams on this shaft, means for operatively connecting the beamsand pitmen, a rotary valve mounted in the cylindrical chamber andhavingits axis of rotation concentric with thev axis of the chamber, suchvalve comprising a diaphragm H* that divides the valve chamber along aplane approximately at right angles to the axis ofrot-ation and having alug or pocket (H) whereof one face bears against the wall of saidchamber and is providedv with a port that registers with the ports inthe chamber and communicates with the upper portion of the chamber,substantially as set forth. i

15. yIn an internal combustion engine the` combination of, four workingcylinders arranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximately atthe four corners of a square, a cylindrical chamber -being provided atone end of the groupA of cylinders having its-axis parallel andpositioned centrally relatively to the axes of the four cylinders andhaving near one end an inlet port and near the other an exhaust port andin its side wall four ports-which communicate one with each cylinder,fourvalves one for each cylinder controlling the communication betweenthe port in the cylindrical chamber and such cylinders, means foroperating these valves, pistons in the cylinders, pitmen extendingtherefrom, a transverse shaft at the pitman end of the cylinders in aplane thatf lies approximately midway between two of the cylinders, 'tworocking-beams on this shaft, means@ for operatively connecting the beamsand pitnien, a rotary valve mounted in the cylindrical chamber andhaving its axis of rotation concentricwith the axis of the chamber, suchvalve comprising a diaphragm H* that divides the valve chamber along aplane approximately at right angles to the axis of rotation and having alug or pocket (H) whereof one face bears against the wall of saidchamber and is provided with a port that registers with the ports in thechamberl andcommunicates with the upper portion of the chamber, and aybaie (HS) on the rotary valve, so situated as to cover each port as itscylinder is about to complete its exhaust, substantially as set forth. Y

16. In an internal combustion engine the combination of, four workingcylinders rarranged with their axes parallel and spaced approximately atthe four corners of a square, a cylindrical chamberv being provided atone "end .of vthe group of cylinders having its axis parallel andpositioned centrally relatively to the axes' of the four cylinders andhaving near .one end an inlet port and near the other an exhaust portand in its side wall four ports which communicate one with eachcylinder, four valves one for each cylinder controlling thecommunication between the ports in the cylindrical chamber and suchcylinders,l means for operating these valves, pistons in the cylinders,pitmen extending therefrom, a transverse shaft at the pitinan end ofvthe cylinders in a plane that lies approximately midway between two-=-of the cylinders, two rocking-beams on this shaft, means foroperatively connecting the 'beams and pitmen, a rotary valve mounted inthe cylindrical chamber and havin its axis of rotation concentric withthe axis of the chamber, such valve comprising a' diaphragm H* thatdivides the valve chamber alonga plane approximately at right angles tothe axis of rotation and lhaving a lug or pocket (H) whereof one facebears against the wall of said chamber and is provided 4with a port thatregisters with the ports in the chamber and communicates with the upperportion of the chamber, a shield (hs). on the rotary valve situated toreceive the 1mpingeinent of the exhaust gases as they escapefrom theports, and a heat insulating layer between this shield and the valve,for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM JOHN RoBB. WALTER HENRY wELcH.

l VVltnesses:

A.' M.- HAYWA'RD, WALTER H.- DERRIMAN.

